The Rise and Fall of Allama Iqbal’s dream.
Some critics argue that Pakistan has experienced long periods of military influence, particularly under rulers such as Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq, who governed from 1977 to 1988 after a military coup. Military Coup (1977) and beginning of sectarian violence. On July 5, 1977, Zia-ul-Haq overthrew Bhutto’s government. The action is known as Operation Fair Play. Bhutto was arrested and martial law was imposed. Trial and Conviction 🏛️ Bhutto was charged in a murder conspiracy case involving political opponent Ahmed Raza Kasuri’s father. The case was heard by the Lahore High Court, which sentenced Bhutto to death. The decision was narrowly upheld by the Supreme Court of Pakistan (4–3 split verdict). Execution (1979) Bhutto was executed by hanging on April 4, 1979, in Rawalpindi’s Central Jail. Many international observers and historians later described the trial as controversial and politically influenced. Historical Interpretation Supporters of Bhutto call it a...